Information systems and relevance
At present, every organization requires the use of information for its operation, and somehow uses methods or resources that allow it to register and gather data to later know, process and analyze them, allowing them to act or make a decision based on the results obtained, we knowthat a wide range of data generated is not very useful if they are not well structured and methods are implemented that allow them to analyze properly, supporting the main areas of the company. In this analysis we will observe the main information systems used to obtain, processing, protection, and data recovery, its main characteristics, as well as their importance for organizations.
Information systems
Definition
An information system defined by RICART and VALUE (1991), “Formal set of processes that, operating on a structured data collection according to the needs of the company, collects, prepares and distribute the information necessary for the operation of said saidcompany and for the corresponding management and control activities, supporting, at least, the decision -making processes necessary to perform business functions of the company according to its strategy ”.
Another definition of information system proposed by K and J Laudon (1996), for which an “information system is that set of interrelated components that capture, store, process and distribute information to support decision making, control, control,Analysis and vision of an organization ".
Types of information systems
The information is classified according to the hierarchical levels within the company, corresponding to each level to make decisions of different nature.
Information system for operational level
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
It is a basic system that serves at the operational level of an organization records the daily daily transactions of the company.
It must contain transactions of reports and consultations with clear data, validation procedures, pre -established decision rules and useful output for action, for example, for inventory management.
Information system for knowledge level
KWS (Knowledge Work System)
They must have the ability to create, share and distribute information within the organization.
Information system for tactical or managerial level
DSS (decision -making systems)
MI (Management Information System)
You should allow measuring the performance of your departments, verifying deviations, analyzing correction alternatives, control operation, formulation of new operating rules, resource allocation planning.
Information system for strategic level or decision making
Ess (Executive Support System)
ERP (business collaboration systems)
GDSS (group decision making system)
EIS (Executive Information System)
Data are required from various sources that include economic perspectives, political actuality, self-functioning capacity, competition analysis. They must be well structured, easy coding, storage and recovery that allow to support decisions to the management.
Purpose of each information system
The general purpose of information systems is to provide the various levels of management, necessary, truthful, relevant and timely for planning, performance control and decision -making, collaborate in achieving the objectives and achieving advantages and achieving advantagescompetitive, as well as superior profitability in the sector in which the organization develops.
In the information system for operational level, the purpose isInformation output.
In the information system for knowledge level, the purpose is to develop the creation and integration of the new knowledge by controlling the flow of information in the organization.
In the information system for tactical or managerial level, the purpose is to provide information that allows decision making in support of the achievement of the organization’s goals and objectives.
In the information system for strategic level or decision making, the purpose is to solve strategic aspects and trends supporting the effective decision -making capacity.
Tradename
The information systems that are in the market are oriented to the main areas of an organization such as sales, production, finance, accounting, human resources, management, among which SAP Bussines One, Compaqi, Oracle, Geinfor, Microsoft Dynamics.
Importance of business information system
Information systems are indispensable to increase business competitiveness, perfecting processes, supporting planning and control, reducing operating costs as well as access to information, improving communication between work areas, promoting a better quality incustomer service, increasing sales, remaining in constant innovation and renewal that allow differentiation by facilitating competitive advantages.
However, there are also disadvantages such as the time that can be invested in its implementation, resistance by users of or technical problems both in software or hardware, so a good analysis and methodology should be performed so that itsimplementation contributes an advantage for the organization.
conclusion
As developed I can conclude that an information system is a tool that will provide the necessary information for control, planning and correct decision making, however it must be carefully selected to be consistent with the structure and objectives pursued by theCompany, so the managers in charge of their implementation must know in depth all areas of the organization, knowing what data are relevant, the way they must be treated to obtain precise information, which cover the specific needs of the company. An ignorance of the areas of the company or the needs of the same, could lead to a bad choice of the information system, an inadequate implementation of the same, the investment in hardware not suitable for its development, which would show information does not specify that it would support theerroneous decision making of managers, which would imply economic losses for the organization. This does not mean that with the implementation of an adequate information system, success is guaranteed, but quality information will be taken for the correct decision making, it will depend on the analytical thinking by the managers as well as the users of the system in allThe areas involved, so that they are effective facilitating control, the planning of the operations that lead to the company to the proper functioning and correct performance to meet the objectives of the organization.
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