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Information Governance Name Institution Information Governance Health information security remains to be a significant concern with great leaps in technological advancement happening every day. In 2015, hacking was the top method of compromising health record systems, and it led to the exposure of over 100 million records (HIPAA Journal 2017). The trend changed in 2016 whereby the most significant data breaches were traceable to theft, loss, improper disposal and unauthorized email access or disclosure (Snell, 2016). Some of the cases that year were paper medical records found on the street in Florida and in a dumpster in Ohio, inappropriate exchange of information from Apple Health in Washington and laptop thefts in Illinois and Kansas. The number of leaked records decreased in the two years, but the institutions from which the data was obtained increased prominently. All the risk factors are traceable to improper handling of information by employees due to negligence (Ponemon, 2016). The problem has an impact in both health and business sectors, but it is more evident in the latter. While the study by Ponemon identifies other risk factors such as the use of insecure mobile apps, public cloud services, and unsafe medical devices, perhaps the risk can be classified into two: internal and external. Internal threats to security may be due to staff activity or inherent system failure. External vulnerabilities, on the other hand, are beyond the organization's control and include identity thieves and cyber attackers. Among the attacks launched are malware and ransomware which lead to Denial of service problems. Members of staff affect health data safety by being
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