Egypt The Country Of Ancestral Culture

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Egypt The country of ancestral culture

Egypt

Egyptian mythology

The objective of this work is to make known and understand through research and analysis of sources on Egyptian mythology and how it influenced the social and political development of Egypt. This research will be carried out through the knowledge question “To what extent did Egyptian mythology influence the development of its society?"

Data collection will be done clearly by secondary sources, in this case through web pages that speak or contain the information required for the development of this work.

To study these issues about Egyptian mythology in depth and its importance in society we will study various sources as previous research on the book of the dead by National Geographic, at the same time that we will see other articles of it with respect to Egyptian mythology and its society. As another source we will also use an extract translated from the book of the dead, for and.A. Wallis Budge.

Source 1: The Book of the Dead of the Egyptians by National Geographic

This source is a digital magazine created by National Geographic which explains how the processes and funeral ritual ceremonies were carried out at the time a pharaoh died. Apart from this he also mentions and explains a little about how the dead (according to belief) would revive in soul and undertake their journey through death to reach the final objective, which was to become gods and achieve immortality .

In this story you can see the legends about the journey in itself through death, and the constant struggles of the deceased with the evil gods who plotted their purpose by stopping him on the road and making it difficult for his progress. It also explains the religious importance that this roll represented, called in its original translitated language "RW NW PRT M HRW" that could translate into our language as "the exit per day".

Source 2: Ancient Egypt by National Geographic

This second source, like the previous one, is a digital magazine also created by National Geographic, and this, rather than focusing on funeral beliefs and rituals, focuses on the structure of the society of Egypt, and how it was constituted at the time ofits peak, and how I become divided into several phases due to moments of prosperity and moments of decline. In addition, he speaks a little more about who the pharaohs were and why they were considered gods on earth, which led to the rituals and ceremonies mentioned above.

Source 3: The Egyptian Book of the dead for and.A. Wallis Budge

It is a compilation of extracts from the book of the dead in digital translated into Spanish, which shows in detail some of the most important passages of the same. It is separated into 4 divisions, which are called "the four great versions of the book of the dead" and shows the content of the book and its rituals. (Some actually)

Introduction:

Egypt was, it has been, and it will be one of the most influential nations in the history of humanity in various aspects and fields such as mathematics, the writing system, arts, astronomy, time measurement and general measures, architecture, medicine, and some inventions that were perfected over time such as papyrus, calendar, sun clock and maps.

It was in his time the greatest existing empire on earth, and of course one of the most feared enemies at the time of battle. They were also the geniuses of the time, since they developed a lot of bases which over time were perfected, allowing us to have knowledge such as astronomy, mathematics and other fields mentioned above. They were the pioneers of science and civilization as such, as well as mythology and politics.

It is undeniable that it was a very well -founded and structured civilization, one of the most stable civilizations in the history of mankind, since until today it remains stable. But to all this we can ask ours?Or “Did the Beliefs of the Egyptians affect this same development?". And precisely to be able to answer these questions, we will have to go a little back in time, approximately six thousand years, to try to understand the beliefs of Egypt, its social and political system, its mythology, and how all these aspects affected all these aspects to theEffective development of the same. In turn, we will associate all these aspects as mythology to explain the influence that it had in Egyptian society,

Developing:

“The Empire of Ancient Egypt extended to the current Syria to the North and to the current South Sudan. But long before being an empire, ancient Egypt was a series of small independent states that prospered along the Nile River, in North Africa. The cities-states were divided into two regions and were named according to the flow of the Nile. The High Egypt, to the south, which was upstream, and the bass Egypt to the north, which was downstream. Around 3100 to.C., The two halves joined, thus creating an Egyptian State that lasted millennia ”(Drafting National Geographic, 2018)

In principle we see in the explanation given by National Geographic that Egypt, obviously and like any other civilization had to go through a union process to be what it was. This process has been a period of more or less about 3000 years. It was a long process, but that gave rise to a thriving civilization, self-sufficient, innovative, pioneer, and of course, a very interesting research point for historians of today.

This civilization when joining, so did their beliefs, which were similar, but with the difference that each region within Egypt offered them cult to different gods of the same mythology, for example, the provinces worshiped different gods depending on relevanceOf the same. In Thebes the God was worshiped, which was the God of Creation. In Heliopolis he worshiped Ra, who was the god of the sun, heaven, and the origin of life itself. In Memphis, PTAH, the God of magic, and Hator, who was the main deity of Egypt, mother of Ra and Horus (the celestial god), and thus, other provinces worshiped other gods as the main deity as the main deity as the main deity.

It should be noted that Egypt by worshiping and venerating several gods, was a polytheistic civilization, which firmly believed in the resurrection and transition of the soul from death to eternity in the form of gods.

This belief about the resurrection and transition from the soul to eternity played a very important role for the construction of historical monuments such as pyramids and effigies, which were built around the year 2500 before the common era with the purpose of storingThe body of the deceased Pharaoh, along with all gold, food, and even pets that they may need in their transition towards eternity.

However, this was not as simple as just putting someone in a sarcophagus, but it was a rather meticulous process, since funeral rituals were performed that were supposedly required for an optimal transition.

At this point it is when the famous "Book of the Dead" comes into play, which is a book written in hieroglyphs manipulated over the years, which contains the funeral processes to carry out the different rituals when burying thePharaoh. Among these rituals the most relevant was the mummification, which consisted of embalmar and wrapping the body with many meters of fabric. There was also a belief that, to reach eternity, the body should maintain all its limbs.

To all this, how do these processes relate to Egyptian society and why the pharaohs were performed these meticulous rituals? To answer this we will go with the following appointment:

“Pharaoh, which means a big house in Egyptian, was never the formal title of the ruler. It only became synonymous with the ruling person in modern times thanks to its use in the Hebrew Bible. These rulers, who were not always men or Egyptians, were considered protectors of the people and served as divine links between humanity and the hundreds of gods they adored.”(National Geographic Writing, 2018)

Through a quick analysis of this appointment, we could interpret both questions proposed above. The first thing we see is that it is directly related to the people because the pharaoh was the one who, a change of certain taxes such as food, gold and other things, should maintain the order and balance of everything. Pharaoh was a direct connection of the people with the gods in which those who served already. For this reason, there was a belief that, when he died, the pharaohs would also become gods, having that to go through the divine transition after death that we mentioned above. For this reason, the funeral processes and rituals described in the "Book of the Dead" were necessary

At this point we can see what Egyptian politics was a bit, since this policy was mixed directly with the sacred and pure, which also greatly influenced Egyptian society, since they mixed politicians with mythology directly, ofform that it was believed that the pharaohs had direct connections with gods, to the point that they believed to be gods or, rather, gods in earthly transition. Because of this, its orders could not or were not questioned in any way, since each order was disguised with being a non -earthly order, but divine, coming directly from the gods.

Medicine was also linked to mythology, since, when doing medical care, gods were invoked. For example, the oculists invoked Toth, who was one of the gods who in their beliefs was related to the eye. It was believed in an ethereal substance called "vital breath", which was what provided health.

The Egyptians created the Ebers papyrus, which is a very old medical treaty, in which it describes a little about how the organism and the human body worked, containing something called the “heart treaty”, stating that this is the center of the blood system. This contained magical recipes of the priests of the goddess Sekhmet, and there are also pickery or spells for the treatment of the sick.

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