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Diabetes Name: Institution: Diabetes Diabetes is a disease caused by the body’s inability to use or produce insulin, leading to high glucose levels in the blood. There are two common types of diabetes; diabetes type 1 and type 2. Type 1 is most common among young adults and is caused by lack of sufficient production of insulin while type 2 occurs when the body does not use insulin as it is supposed. The second type is prevalent in older people (Tay, 2014). Other types include gestational diabetes that develops in expectant mothers and monogenic diabetes, which is thought to be hereditary. Diabetes mellitus’ early symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, excessive thirst, and frequent urination and the presence of the condition is often tested through a person’s blood glucose levels. The fasting blood sugar level, which involves drawing the patient’s blood sample overnight, is one of the blood glucose tests. Another type of test is random test, which entails carrying out the blood test irrespective of whether the patient fasted. The oral glucose tolerance test is also available for testing diabetes. It involves periodical (usually two hours after first carrying out the overnight fasting test and after the intake of a sweetened liquid, as well) testing of the level of blood sugar. Treatment for diabetes depends with the manifest type. Type 1 treatment focuses on insulin intake, dietary management, and physical exercise. Similarly, the treatment regimen for type 2 diabetes involves weight reduction (through exercise), diet management, and the use of oral medication. The research by Alqahtani et al. (2013) focuses on the use of glycosylated hemoglobin, which
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