Biological And Cultural Diversity As Social Capital Of Ecuador

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Biological and cultural diversity as social capital of Ecuador

Ecuador is known to be a multicultural, multiethnic and mega diverse country, that is, in this country we find different cultures, several ethnicities, in addition to an exuberant flora and fauna that joins the ancestral/ traditional knowledge to form the concept of megadiversity. . I would dare to say that in each corner and the entire continental and non -continental surface of Ecuador, 283 561 square kilometers (km²) and 8 010 km² respectively, are full of culture, whether they are little different, or different in their entirety, with theirVariety of traditions, customs and beliefs. Similarly, biodiversity;Ecuador has 4 regions that due to its geographical variations, and therefore climatic, several plant species, animals, different biomes and ecosystems are. All these characteristics come together to form the share capital of Ecuador, which quantifying it, as a country we would have a figure with endless zeros (0’s).

The share capital is defined as the set of assets that a company has and all the contributions of each of the partners, this concept taking it to the country frame, would remain as the group of goods that the country possesses and all the contributions that its citizens deliver;that is, the group of goods would be the earth’s and maritime surface as such (ecosystems, biomes, forests, mountains, etc.) and everything that these square kilometers gives us (agricultural products, oil, and more), the flora and flora and flora and flora andFauna, additionally equal people are part of capital. On the side of the contributions and remembering that these can be in money or not, it is what we give as citizens to our society: education, culture, traditions, knowledge and other things that as citizens of the country should be happening fromgeneration in generation, and some even improved things.

For this, we must be aware of all the capital of which we are part and we have the joy of enjoyOwners ”of a capital giant.

Capital that is formed by 4 regions: coastal or coastal region, interandin region or saw, Amazonian or East region and island or galapagos region, in which many protected areas, ecological and biological reserves are distributed, which obviously due to its importance is wheremore we find species whether endemic, in danger of extinction or because they are part of habitat. It should be noted that we are located in the world center, so we have varied currents that "affect" our climate, ecosystems, geography and everything in general.

In the literal region we run into few elevations, there is the reason for a warm tropical climate, apart from the marine currents, since the coastal region is limited to the Pacific Ocean. Among its ecosystems and biomes we have the mangrove, marshes, estuaries, dry thickets, deciduous forest, tropical wet forest, places where we find species such as: coconut trees, ferns, carob trees, cactus, lichens, frigates, seagulls, pelicans, petreles, shrimp, lobster, amphibians, reptiles and one more infinity. A large number of rivers pass through its surface without many plains, and we must remember that Ecuador is one of the countries with the most river concentration per square kilometers. In addition, in this region we find cultures and ethnicities such as Afro -Ecuadorians, Awá, Tschila, Montubios, Épera and Huancavilca, each with their respective traditions and customs.

The Interandina region crosses the Andes mountain range, in fact Ecuador is part of the fire belt;The people in this area live between mountains, snowfall and volcanoes that reflects a beautiful view, and apart from that a temperate cold climate is enjoyed that helps products such as potatoes, corn, wheat, barley, carrot, strawberries, blackberries develop in their lands. If to leave aside the animal and plant species that grow here: orchids, roses, bromelias, condors, palamo wolves, rabbits, and more. Also the cultures that develop and live: Otavalos, Natabuelas, Saraguros, Panzaleos, etc.

The most ethnic groups- are found in the Amazon, it is said that there are ethnicities that are isolated because they do not want to be changed by modernity and thus be able to maintain their ancestral knowledge in its purest form, without modifying their culture or adapting it to the world today. The Shuar, the Wareani, the Secaya, the cofanes are some ethnicities that inhabit here, in a tropical jungle bioma and infinite forests, along with animal species such as reptiles (crocodiles, snakes, boas, etc.), monkeys, jaguars, pink dolphin, puma, tapir, and the immense variety;It is more 20% of the world’s birds live in the Amazon. In plant species, rubber tree, lupuna, passion flowers have been located.

The species that most impress are those of the island region, because they are endemic, they are literally like-another world-since the islands are 1,000 km² from the Ecuadorian coast, it was here that Charles Darwin was able to base the theory of the theory ofThe evolution with the pinzones and their peaks. We can photograph and admire the beauty of turtles, iguanas, marine wolves, blue -legged piqueros;In plant species: cetaceae, cotton, lantana and endemic margaritas. Being away from the continent caused the species to adapt to the environment and create their own characteristics.

It highlights the fact that not the entire list of species, products, ethnicities, cultures are named here, because as I mentioned at the beginning of Ecuador is a megadiverse country, the list would be very extensive despite the fact that in my opinion there are still species that have not beenfound and would not be on that list. Without neglect. According to the National Biodiversity Strategy, of the 5.172 Useful species identified by the authors, 60% are medicinal, 55% are source of construction material, 30% are edible and 20% are used in so -called social uses, which include religious and similar practices rites and similar practices. Of the total species studied, 89% correspond to native species (7% endemic) and 11% introduced that have a potential for use, while of the total, 15% are cultivated and less than 1% are managed in a wild state. (De la Torre et al., 2008).

Anyway, this makes us realize that if we could apply the accounting principle of quantification to cultural and biological diversity, our capital would be, in my opinion, much more giant, in term of zeros and numbers, than that of a world power. For this reason, it is our obligation to take care of biodiversity and continue to pass our knowledge, traditions and culture to the following generations.

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