Appreciation and Origins of Jazz
According to Arfga and García, the origin of jazz occurs in New Orleans City in the nineteenth century, they mention that this city was very characterized by its wide port, which served as a point of trade of slaves destined to the south of the south of the The United States, this fact converted New Orleans into a confluence of cultures, highlighting the Spanish, Spanish-American, the American, African and the French. It should also be noted that it became the place with more free African Americans, which gave way to express their music freely.
It also mentions that there is a possibility that the first jazz performers, did not have musical education itself, but that their rhythms were created by a more experimental and less technical knowledge, hence the fundamental element of jazz, improvisation, improvisation is born. They also played in marches in New Orleans and these were part of everyday life near the 1890s, since these musicians were hired to play in parades, funerals, parties and dances.
The songs and dances interpreted in these activities were largely functional, already for work with songs or screams of field, or for rituals, a characteristic of this was its rhythmic wealth, which was also part of the African tradition, because I used simple melodies and call and response music techniques. These elements soon combined with harmonic concepts from European music.
On the other hand, at that time Buddy Bolden was promulgated, a cornetist, such as the first jazzist, for forming his band in 1895, declared as a symbolic date of the birth of jazz, since unfortunately it is not documented physically, since there were no resources to record the songs.
With respect to events outside the music and properly the period under study, according to an article by Aparicio (2013), it can be mentioned that between 1870-1913, there is a great economic crisis in the most developed countries and following This situation occurs a depression in prices, causing in companies a deflation that reduced profitability. There are some factors that explain that deflation, the main one is the relative shortage of gold, to placate them the countries took letters in the matter and faced the situation, performing a substitution of the gold pattern with a bimetallic pattern, implementing protectionist rates and promoting imperialist activity.
This last activity mentioned is highlighted, because it was where there were the greatest number of rulers who self-determined entrepreneurs, in its economic dimension, imperialism acted as a engine in the international economy, to escape the protectionist tendencies left by the time of the “great Price depression ".
Once this time has passed, the author mentions that countries with more developed economies experienced a great boom and among the factors that benefited this reason, was the discovery of huge gold deposits in South Africa, capital concentration, scientific work in production, a better business organization, a second technological revolution and finally the emergence of the mass market. This market turned out to be the most important, because when growth occurred in the population, people acquired high -price manufactured products.
According to Hobsbawn, cited in Aparicio:
[…] Prior to the beginning of World War I the international economy had changed significantly: the United Kingdom ceased to be the only totally industrialized country; In 1913 the United States contributed 46% of world industrial and mining production, Germany 23.5%, United Kingdom 19.5% and France 11%; In 1860 50% of exports from Africa, Asia and America had the United Kingdom destination, but by 1900 it was only 25 percent.
Now, referring directly to World War I, which occurs between 1914 and 1918, the article mentions that the belligerent countries that were in dispute, especially Germany, were aimed to dismantle the capitalist multilateral economy and thus replace it For the calls large economic areas, managed by political power. The ambitious idea of Germany was to create an economic union based on customs agreements and which would be carried out from central Europe, establishing Germany in this place. When the war occurs, different countries are involved and are divided into two large antagonistic blocks, which are the triple alliance, with Germany, Austro-Hungarian empire and Italy and the triple entente, made up of France, Great Britain and Russia, with the arrival of the arrival of the arrival of the Treaty of Versailles, the end of this war also arrives, although the result of this document proved to be disastrous to motivate the rise of the European economy.
Finally, with respect to the world economy between the two world wars (1920-1939), it is mentioned that as a result of the first war, European countries come to suffer a great economic crisis, but not everything turned out to be so bad for them, because in this period the United States is positioned as the new economic leader in the world and makes a transcendental intervention through the Dawes Plan to rescue the European economies of the disaster caused by the Versailles agreements.
We definitely talk about economics, because in a certain part this context is the one that manages the world, knowing the crises and the results of these, can clarify a panorama of why in this period the United States had so much power and was sold so much with so much with The European continent, there is a great list of events and history to show in the period of the late nineteenth century until 1940, but the shown was a brushstroke of the issues that in our consideration were the most relevant.
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