Adultery Since The Thirteenth Century In Spain

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Adultery since the thirteenth century in Spain

Introduction

Imagine this: it is the thirteenth century in Spain, you just turned 18. You are officially an adult! What are the tools you are using to guide your life? What are your goals? Are they comparable to your dreams today? The seven items was the main code of the thirteenth century in Spain and was created by Alfonso X El Sabio. 

Inside you find a delicious source of information about the laws and the mentality of the medieval era. If we advance seven centuries later, we discover that this encyclopedia of medieval life remains the core of the Spanish legislative system and also in the old colonies of Spain. Although it is not a scientific or complete manual, it offers a general compilation for the National Code that was practical for society at that time. However, a reflection question is whether it could be an applicable manual in our current society. 

When examining the contents of the manual, it is clear that many of the laws would seem very extreme, hard and morally unfair in our civilization. The approach to this essay is on the section on the laws imposed against adultery and if these ideas can be classified as unfair through the lens of an interpreter of the 21st century. 

The sources used by complementary information, in addition to the text studied in class, are the seven games published by the University of Pennsylvania, Hispanic American Historical Review published by Duke Univeristy, and finally the crime of adultery in the general law of Castilla. It is clear that many of the laws would seem very extreme, hard and morally unfair in our civilization. The approach to this essay is on the section on the laws imposed against adultery and if these ideas can be classified as unfair through the lens of an interpreter of the 21st century. 

Developing

In the thirteenth century a general progress occurred for the Spanish Christian kingdoms and with this the laws followed. Fernando III left the monarchy to consider his domain problems and began to create a code of laws, but he died before he could finish it. His son and his successor was Alfonso X the wise, who immediately followed the goal of his father. The writing four books that developed all sections of laws, including government, criminal law and much more. 

Although the laws were not very clear or complete, they were enough to meet the needs of time. It was not until a century later that the book received its final denomination. Although we do not know who the true authors of the items were, it is clear that the first and greatest author of this legal code is Alfonso X the Sabio. The manual contains all legal knowledge within a unitary and child vision divided into seven parts: the first talks about the creation of Catholic laws and religion; The second, refers to emperors, kings, and great landowners explained what they must do so that their kingdoms, their honors, and lands increase and keep; The third dealt with issues of the current procedural law; the fourth, domestic relations; fifth, maritime obligations and laws; The sixth treats the wills who do them and how they should do them and the heredia of the children; The last part discusses criminal law including crimes such as adultery. This seventh game is which contains all the information about the punishments against adultery that was one of the most important crimes.

In Title 17 we find the laws about adulteries. In this century, one of the greatest mistakes that men could make was adultery and contributed a lot of dishonor in his name. There was a big difference between the punishments of men and those of women. The adultery man who lay with another woman who is a house is not dishonored is defined. On the other hand, if her wife lay with another man he is dishonored because the woman is told by her husband’s bed, and not him. 

This shows us the reason why damages are not equal and the man has the right to punish her wife, but on the other hand she cannot accuse her husband before the judge. When the woman is accused of committing adultery before the trial, she must be punished and publicly ferid with whips. At the same time, only the husband, father, brothers or paternal uncles of her could accuse her, but her husband was up to two years to forgive her and if it was the case, she was taken from the monastery and returned home immediately. But if you don’t forgive her or if the husband dies before the age of two, she must serve God in the monastery. 

If the husband finds any vile man at his house or in another place laying with his wife, he can kill him without any penalty … but he should not kill the woman, he must make a affront to good men of how he found her, and then put her in hand of the judge and make it the justice that the law sends. In the other way, if the woman commits her with her servant, the two are burned both. Law 15 of Title 17, says that the punishment of man proven guilty of adultery is death.

From a point of view of our century, these laws against adultery are very extreme and it is easy to say that they are not fair. In our society it is neither illegal nor receives punishment if you commit adultery. Nowadays committing adultery is seen simply as an insult to their marriage, although in certain regions that are particularly religious they can have stronger opinions about it. When someone commits adultery, laws towards property, possessions and children are the same for women and men. It is remarkable to contrast the dimensions that separates us from the 13th century that can explain the reasoning for the big difference between attitudes. Mainly it is remarkable to mention the great change in the unity of the Church and the State. 

In the Hispanic American Historical Review says that the Spanish Constitution of 1978 confirmed the right to Spaniards to have religious freedom and the process of separation of the Church and the State began. On the other hand, in medieval time in Spain the Church that had its own supranational state and the law of the Church exercised complete legal law.

Accompanying this there has also been a change in the reasons for marriage. Before the woman was not the same as the man and her main objective was to find a man who could provide for her and had very few rights. Slowly our society has experienced gradual legal changes, aimed at improving the rights of the wife from the beginning of the 19th century. In today’s society, women are not subordinated to man nor it is necessary for her to obey or depend on one either. Modern woman can be completely independent and live successfully without a man. So this turns out that marriage is not necessary. People can casually date without committing to anyone. It is not frowned upon that men and women get hooked in casual meetings with multiple people throughout their lives. This creates a blurred line in the definition of adultery. 

Public health and the standard of living were lower than today, then finding someone to depend to take care of children already crucial for survival. Participation in marriage assured that you could trust another person. When the person he was married committed adultery, that was not only a sign of betrayal, but also endangered the security that marriage assured and, therefore, this can explain the sense of urgency and the severity of the punish. Participation in marriage assured that you could trust another person. 

When the person he was married committed adultery, that was not only a sign of betrayal, but also endangered the security that marriage assured and, therefore, this can explain the sense of urgency and the severity of the punish. Participation in marriage assured that you could trust another person. When the person he was married committed adultery, that was not only a sign of betrayal, but also endangered the security that marriage assured and, therefore, this can explain the sense of urgency and the severity of the punish.

conclusion

In summary, in the 21st century adultery is more seen as a symptom of a failed marriage, instead of its cause. The act does not look so extreme because it will not dishonor or ruin the whole family in the same sense as before. The seven items were granted as a legislative text despite the fact that their content is sometimes more philosophical and its composition went to seek a judicial unification to the kingdom through a collective norm and applicable to the entire domain. In this century, laws existed so that society could survive and the quality of life in this century was very low compared to the current standard of living. The marriage had a much greater impact on people’s daily lives and, therefore when the votes were broken.   

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