Actors That Define Migration And Its Causes

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Actors that define migration and its causes

Definition

Migration is an event so old that history itself, man began to migrate in search of better life opportunities, but we define that it is migration.

Several actors define migration like this:

  • There is a migration when a social group, whether human or animal, makes a transfer from its place of origin to another where it considers that your quality of life will improve. It implies the fixation of a new life, in a different social, political and economic environment. (Pérez Júlan; Ana Gardey, 2008)
  • The mobility of people has always existed and it is even considered that the 21st century is considered as the century of migrations “by migration we understand the displacements of people who intend a change of residence from one place of origin to another destination through some through somegeographical limit that is generally a political-administrative division ”(Ruiz, 2002, p. 13)
  • People who decide to migrate must analyze each of the options and know the benefit of the decision you make. In the same way (Chambers, 1994, p. 19) points “Migration implies a movement in which the place of departure and the point of arrival are not immutable or safe. It demands to live in languages, stories and identities that are subjected a constant mutation ”. When a person decides to abandon their place of origin, it must be aware that he will face an assimilation process and must adopt ways to live in a society different from his.
  • Human migration is the only process seen from two points of view "every transfer is a migration with respect to the area of origin and an immigration with respect to the destination zone" (UN, 1972). That is, the migrant is at the same time immigrant and emigrant.
  • Migration is also known as "the change of residence of one or more people temporarily or definitively, generally with the intention of improving their economic situation, as well as their personal and family development" (Zacateca, 2012)

Causes of migration

Migration is generally associated with great sufferings and misery, this process can become very painful and is caused by socio -economic reasons, which force people to leave their place of origin in search of political, economic and social well -being.

Causes

  1. Wars: When there is an armed conflict, the civilian population remains in the middle, so it is obliged to flee the territory.
  2. Political conflicts: When a dictatorial regime pursues its opponents or a certain social or ethnic group. For people who suffer from this type of persecutions there are two categorizations recognized by the Member States of the United Nations Organization (UN): Refugee and Asylum.
  3. Economic poverty: When a country suffers an economic crisis and does not allow the population to maintain a purchasing power, migratory waves of people from different social levels to other countries are generated.
  4. Lack of opportunities: If in the country of origin or study they do not find a job according to their latent needs that correspond to the activity for which they were previously formed, it is quite common that they decide to undertake new horizons.
  5. Academic and family reasons: migration supposes for the person a breath, because it is being caused by an academic overcoming will. It is also possible that migration occurs due to family reasons. In this world where globalization has taken sides in all areas of social life, families that are scattered throughout the world are counted by hundreds of millions. Migration will always be, in these cases a binding or disunity factor. (Pérez, 2019)

Migrations change to societies that lose their citizens and also those who receive it, generating different reactions and consequences.

The search for better life opportunities and getting ahead is a constant that is always present in the daily life of the human being migration is caused by certain social, economic, political and ecological forces that lead to the movement of the population in a sequence of causeand effect.

The causes for which people migrate from their place of origin are very diverse, some of these obey the demographic explosion, which causes the insufficiency of spaces, decreased opportunities and interpersonal, inter -group or intercommune friction friction. Also to the unemployment or unemployment that inhibits the possibilities of individual and collective subsistence and progress, since economic inequalities are polarized to the detriment of those who have less and these are those who opt for emigration.

Discrimination, which causes those who feel weaker to be forced to leave the place they originally shared with the strongest.

Another cause of migration is determined by the climate and the inhospitable, arid or unproductive physical environment, this causes animated exodus for the hope of a better standard of living, even when they cross borders of countries and even continents

And finally the violence where the aggressive and systematic behavior of people or a group of them with each other or against another antagonistic group is the cause of the expulsion or forced displacement of entire families. (Roccatti, 1980, pages. 37-38)

Bibliography

  • Chambers, i. (1994). Migration, culture, identity. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu Editores.
  • UN. (1972). Manueles on population calculation methods. New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
  • Pérez Júlan;Ana Gardey. (2008). Definition. OF. Retrieved from https: // definition.of/migration/
  • Perez, m. (2019). Lifer.com. Retrieved from https: // www.Lifer.com/Causes-Consquences-Migration/
  • Roccatti, m. (1980). Human rights of women and migrant children. Mexico, d.F.
  • Ruiz, a. (2002). Oaxaca migration, an approach to reality.
  • Zacateca, f. (2012, November 30). Fedzac. Retrieved from http: // fedzac.MX/Basic-De-Migration/

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